Special effects supplement and add fun, excitement, mystery, or romance to otherwise boring or bland events, concerts, entertainment, and presentations. They help make any occasion more memorable! Misty fog or bubble magic effects augment performances by evoking certain emotions via color or clouds, motion, translucency, and subtle scents.
Fog effects (from wet-wood fires and dry ice) have been used to enhance stage performances since Shakespeare’s Macbeth witches, in the Elizabethan-era play was performed at the Globe Theatre. In the 1600s bubbles were made for fun and effects by blowing soap through clay pipes. By the 1950s, TV’s accordion-man, Lawrence Welk, used a bubble machine to simulate champagne bubbles to enhance his band music. Moreover, by the 1960s, bubble machines were used to liven-up private parties and in nightclubs everywhere. Machine-made fog remains a conventional special effect used in horror and film noir movies today.
Fog and bubble machines are rented for parties, weddings, graduations, music, dance, and stage plays and performances, and any other imaginable creative occasion. Anyone can make their own special effects. We have reviewed fog and bubble machine products that perform well, are easy-care/easy to use, and cost-effective,
Why You Should Trust Us
Extensive fog machine and bubble machine product sifting has been conducted for this best-products overview.
Each special effects fog or bubble machine product and market has been thoroughly researched generating general information and buying suggestions about the type of product, including:
- Lists of the best-selling fog machine and best-selling bubble machines, and
- My personal experience with the use and benefits of every kind of special effects machine.
Each type of special effects machine is rated on its technical equipment and features, performance, emissions (fog or bubble) toxicity, durability, warranty (if applicable), and other miscellaneous characteristics.
How to Choose the Best Fog Machine and the Best Bubble Machine
Fog and bubble machines are suited for people who want to add mystery or drama to:
- on-stage or video music gigs, plays, or home videos,
- dances, raves, and nightclubs, or
- parties and celebrations (i.e., children’s, birthdays, weddings, showers, holiday theme).
- They are also used professionally for industrial purposes (i.e., pest control fogging).
A DJ might use a fog machine to add mood, tone, and atmosphere to their sets. Some fog machines have colors that phase through the smoke to enhance various moods. LED light arrays are built into the housing and shoot bright fog beams or patterns. As the fog pours out, you can have beams of colorful light coursing though in a variety of preset patterns.
Cleaning and pest control companies may use industry-standard Ultra-Low-Volume (UNLV) fog machines for fogging. These get into crevices where roaches, fleas, and rodents hide, where traditional thermal fog machines can’t reach.
Emergency service and military training facilities also use fog machines to simulate emergency and combat situations.
An art director may prefer a steady rolling fog across their stage set or use a fog machine to simulate mists (i.e., rainy scenes or bayou bogs). Alternatively, they may incorporate large bubbles actors and dancers can “climb into” or smaller bubbles for extra comedy, fun, or soapy explosion!
Bubble machines are just as fun as fog/smoke machines! Wedding and graduation DJs might send cascades of bubbles down upon their dancing audiences. Bubbles enhance birthday and anniversary parties, baby and wedding showers, holiday festivities and other celebrations and events.
How to Choose a Fog or Bubble Machine: Narrowing it Down
Fog and bubble machines may be selected not only according to initial cost but also according to:
• size,
• weight and portability,
• warm-up time,
• maximum area coverage, and
• features, such as remote control, fuse protection, and limited warranty.
An additional consideration might be the type of fog or bubble juice the machine requires. It is important the fluid used to make the fog or bubbles is non-toxic since the special effects may be used in enclosed areas (nightclubs, event/community rooms, theatres, etc.). There has been extensive testing to ensure such fluids do not induce eye or respiratory-tract irritations, or worse.
Differentiating Attributes
Fog Machine
Fog machines may be either “heated” or “chilled” types.
The most common fog machine has a heat exchanger that heats water-based mixtures, mineral oil, glycerin, glycol, or inert gas, which is then released in a vapor to simulate a smoke or fog effect. It is necessary that the fog machine recharge between long periods of use due to the mixture cooling down the heat exchanger as it is forced through.
Simple fog machines have a fluid reservoir and an electric pump that moves the fluid through the heat exchanger that vaporizes it for the effect. More complex fog machines have additional features such as variable speeds, timers, operation remotes, fog monitors, and colored lights. Some models have accessories and fluids that create fog effects that are thick, ground-cover type clouds, similar to effects chilled fog machines create.
CO2 (carbon dioxide) and nitrogen-propelled fog machines force mineral oil or a glycol-based fluid into the heat exchanger where it is vaporized, and the particles are released in a fog. Some fog machine models have controls that allow you to adjust the amount of fog output by changing the volume of gas used to push the fluid through the machine.
Chilled fog machines create ground smoke and fog effects similar to low rolling fog originally produced by boiling gallons of water and adding several pieces of dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) to it. Carbon dioxide is a gas at STP (standard temperature and pressure) and sublimates and produces a gas instantly. The resultant water vapor condenses and creates thick white fog. Stage members angle a fan at the container output to blow the smoke or fog in the desired direction, creating a rolling ground fog.
Chilled fog machines use solid N2 (liquid nitrogen) or liquid air and create thick, low-moving ground fog and smoke clouds that dissipate as they rise. Similarly, heat water to the boiling point, or near to it, which produces creating steam and humidity in the closed container. A thick fog is produced when liquid nitrogen is pumped into the container and the moisture suddenly condenses. Stage members angle a fan at the container output to blow the smoke or fog in the desired direction, creating a rolling ground fog.
The liquid air alternative used in the chilled fog machine is a mixture of 79% N2 and 21% O2 (O2 is stored as a liquid). This ratio mix is the same as atmospheric air. Essentially, liquid air may be produced by liquefying atmospheric air and is a suitable substitute for liquid nitrogen that produces chilled, thick, white, ground smoke and fog effects. The main advantage of using liquid air instead of liquid nitrogen in chilled fog machines is safety. Liquid air does not present the asphyxiation risk liquid nitrogen does since it contains oxygen. The disadvantage is that liquid air is extremely combustible whereas liquid nitrogen prevents combustion.
Bubble Machine
Bubbles aren’t just for kids anymore!
Bubble machines produce vast amounts of continuous bubbles blown out into the air for special effects. They are fun for private parties, events, and celebrations as well as for commercial stage productions and films. Bubble machines are essentially electric or battery-powered devices that have an internal liquid tank for adding soap liquid. A high-velocity fan propels the bubbles through a bubble template, into the air. Bubble machines are designed with a spin button on its back that adjusts the rate at which the bubbles are discharged out the front of the device. Most bubble machines are durable for outdoor and indoor use. Models have varying limits on the number of continuous-use hours each should be operated.
Bubble machine size and bubble template determine the capacity and size of bubbles. Some commercial soap bubble performances are extreme as well as creatively entertaining. Some are capable of encasing people and objects into hugely formed bubbles.
Some of the high-end commercial bubble machines are capable of incorporating colored lights, smoke, helium, and other gasses to complement and enhance the visual effect. There are bubble machines that can produce bubbles that are colorful, scented, or “flavored.” Can’t decide if you want a fog machine or a bubble machine for your party? Try a fog – or smoke-bubble machine. Make “boo bubbles” for your next party. This type of machine makes fog bubbles that disappear into a poof of smoke when popped, or can be individually played with and connected to each other!
Product Use & Benefits
Fog Machine
Fog machines may be used for a variety of applications.
They are used for entertainment in nightclubs to enhance laser, light show, and lighting effects. Fog machines also create theatrical moods and feelings for stage, film, and private theme parties and holidays.
Fog machines are used industrially to show airflow in wind tunnels, test pipes for air leaks, and to ensure HVAC filter efficiency.
Military and emergency fire, hazmat, and first responder programs use fog machines in training, testing confined space airflow (or lack of), and rescue and evacuation operations.
Buildings and businesses that require high-level security may use rapid-deployment fog machines as part of an intrusion-disorienting and deterrent security system. Fog is activated by a security device that automatically fills the room with smoke and fog, intended to disorient the intruder until law enforcement arrives.
Bubble Machine
Bubble machines are also used for a variety of applications in addition to entertainment, special effects, and mood, color, and light enhancements. Bubble machines are not just for weddings, showers, and celebrations.
Bubbles are professionally used in tracking babies’ motor skills. Children’s bubble machines help baby develop visual and gross motor movement, balance, and reflexes. As baby grows, bubbles may be used to develop further hand-eye coordination and oral (blowing bubbles) skills, as well as body movement awareness and space, depth, and direction (spatial awareness).
Research labs use bubble machines to understand industrial processes such as foam production, alleviating bubble formation in glassmaking, and how to coat or avoid coating solids with liquids.
Aeronautics research studies how bubbles explode, which benefits the space industry. Bubbles occur when liquids change states under air pressure, which is expelled in bursts, shocks, and jets. Over time, this can cause premature wear and tear on rocket pumps and other machine hydraulic systems.
Other research is experimenting with the energy bubbles expel when they implode. This is a potentially new future energy source. The technique involves localizing heat-on-demand using ultrasound to implode bubbles. The successful application would activate heat-sensitive drugs targeted to specific areas of the body.
What to Look For When Buying Fog & Bubble Machines
There are many fog and bubble machines available, from simple bubble machines designed for children to complex units with a myriad of special features used for theatre, film, and amusement productions. There are also numerous YouTube clips that show you how to make your homemade bubble or fog or smoke-bubble machines. Reviewers cited features they looked for when researching fog/bubble machines:
• Cost – The price should be commensurate with the simplicity of the machine, or number of added features and accessories that come with the machine, its durability (rust resistant), and weight and portability. Also check on the price per bottle of bubbles (color, long-lasting, etc.) or fog fluid type.
• Set-up and Operation – It should be easy to set-up and safely operate. It should not be subject to overheating. Check machine instructions for the maximum safe length of operation. The fog/bubble fluid container should hold a sufficient amount of liquid for longer production and be easy to access and fill/re-fill without spillage. There should be a safety warning about indoor use and the bubble/fog mix producing slippery floors or staining upholstery and fabrics.
• Durability – The housing should be rust-free for longevity. Soap, liquid, or vapor should not rust it over time. Top-line machines should also be able to be used indoors and outdoors. Fans, bubble wands, and mechanisms should be well-made and not fragile.
• Portability – Some machines are bulky. Sturdy machines can be heavy. Others are equipped with a detachable handle and are a lightweight design for convenient use anywhere.
• Performance – Check reviews before purchase to determine if the fog produced is the type you want (i.e., light, airy, disappearing or thick ground fog). Ensure (from reviews) the particular machine produces the quantity of bubbles or fog at the speed or rate you expect.
• Accessories – The more you want to pay for a fog or bubble machine, the more accessories you should get, such as adjustable fan speeds, remotes, and lighting, in addition to safe, non-toxic indoor/outdoor use and customer satisfaction warranty.
Our Top Fog Machine Recommendation
1byone Halloween Fog Machine, 400W w/Wired Remote
The 1byone Halloween Fog Machine, 400W w/Wired Remote is a top-selling, cost-effective, highly-reviewed, easy, safe, non-toxic 400W fog making system. It puts out 2000 cubic feet of fog per minute. The fog machine creates a continual thin, long-lasting blast of mystery and mood-changing fog as far as 8 ft. It produces an unscented atmosphere for live concerts, stages, weddings, and other events.
This unit’s power cord plugs into an AC 120v power outlet. It takes approximately 3-5 minutes to warm up. The 1byone Halloween Fog Machine is ready to begin producing fog when the red light on the short-cabled wired remote comes on. Use the remote to turn the fog machine on and off. The fog machine should be turned “off” when filling the unit’s reservoir with professional fog juice liquid. Use the clear fluid meter to gauge the fluid level as you fill the machine. Fog output is controlled by turning the unit “on” or “off.”
Main features of the 1byone Halloween Fog Machine is its large capacity 10.1 Fl. oz fog juice liquid reservoir for more extended production and its CE, RoHS, and ETL safety certification, endorsing the unit’s non-toxic production.
The 1byone Halloween Fog Machine is a compact, easy-carry unit constructed from durable, aluminum material for better durability, heat dissipation, and longevity. To avoid causing a short circuit, the manufacturer recommends that the unit NOT be exposed to water or operated in the rain. Additionally, the fog machine can be damaged if the unit is operated without adequate liquid.
Reviewers that purchased the 1byone Halloween Fog Machine commend its massive volume of fog output quickly and the convenient remote control. The unit’s price, quality, durability, and performance are as advertised, although some reviewers would like a larger fluid reservoir. Customers that purchased it also like the portability and 30-day money-back guarantee, 1-yr. Warranty, and responsive customer service.
Pros:
• Cost
• Compact; Portable
• Non-toxic fog
• Easy setup and use
• Good output
• Fairly quiet
• 30-day Money-Back Guarantee & 1-Yr. Warranty
Cons:
• Cheaper plastic unit
• Fog juice not included
Comparable Fog Machines
1. CHAUVET DJ Hurricane 1800 Flex Fog Machine w/Remote
Check on Amazon:
The CHAUVET DJ H700 Hurricane 700 Fog Machine w/wired remote is a cost-effective, compact, lightweight 471 W fog making system. It puts out 1500 cubic feet of fog per minute. The fog machine creates a continual thin, water-based mood-changing fog that enhances any light show. It has a range of 9 ft. – 13 ft. and includes a pint of water-based fog fluid and wired remote to control the volume of fog flow output.
This unit plugs into an AC 120v. power outlet. (Do NOT plug into 220v.). It warms up quickly, taking only 2.5 to 3 minutes. The CHAUVET DJ H700 Hurricane 700 Fog Machine has a “step on” fog button controller that is connected to the machine by a 3 ft cord. It must be pressed to activate the fog release. The fog machine cycles automatically pumps out the fog, and then stops to heat the next cycle. Fog is released when the controller button is pushed.
Pros:
• Cost
• Lightweight; Portable
• Pint of water-based fog fluid included
• Limited Warranty
Cons:
• Not a low-fog machine
• Manual “step-on” fog button
2. Theefun 400-Watt Portable Christmas and Party Fog Machine with Wired Remote
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The Theefun 400-Watt Portable Christmas and Party Fog Machine w/wired remote is a cost-effective, compact, lightweight, non-toxic 400W fog making system. It satisfies customers’ budget and performance, outputting 2000 cubic feet of fog per minute. This unit includes a 6 ft. wired push button remote and the clear fluid level for maximum fog machine control.
This unit plugs into an AC 120v power outlet. It warms up in 3-5 minutes. The Theefun 400-Watt Portable Christmas and Party Fog Machine is ready to begin producing fog when the red light on the short-cabled wired remote comes on. Use the wired remote to turn the fog machine on and off. This fog machine is constructed from durable, aluminum material for better durability, heat dissipation, and longevity and provides energy-saving non-toxic fog production.
Pros:
• Cost
• Lightweight; Portable
• Fairly quiet
• Non-toxic fog
Cons:
• Not a low-fog machine
• Fog juice not included
3. Eliminator Lighting EF-400 Fog Machine
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The Eliminator Lighting EF-400 Fog Machine is a cost-effective, lightweight 400W, plug-and-play mini fog making system. It puts out 1500 cubic feet of fog per minute. The fog machine creates a continual thin, water-based mood-changing fog that enhances any light show. A pint of water-based fog fluid and 10 ft wired remote to control the volume of fog flow output are included.
This unit’s 3-prong plug goes into an AC 110v. power outlet. The Eliminator Lighting EF-400 Fog Machine has a manual fog button controller that is connected to the machine. It must be pressed to activate the fog release. The fog machine cycles automatically, pumps out the fog and then stops to heat the next cycle. Fog is released when the controller button is pushed.
Pros:
• Cost
• Lightweight; Portable
• Pint of water-based fog fluid included
• Limited Warranty
Cons:
• Not a low-fog machine
• Manual fog button
4. ADJ FOG FURY JETT/JETT STREAM COLOR, 12X3W RGB
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The ADJ Fog Fury Jett/Jett Stream Color fog machine is a professional, 700W high-velocity, vertical/horizontal, 12X3-Watt LED-colored fog mixing system. It can quick-blast fog 25 ft into the air. It may be operated manually, by wireless remote, or DMX-Controller. It has five DMX Channels (Ch. 1, 2, 3 5 or 7), a 4-button control panel/LCD display, 3-pin DMX XLR In/Out connections, and external fog fluid tank.
The ADJ Fury Jett plugs into a standard 110v outlet. Its heating element design uses an oil-type transmission pipeline system to minimize clogging and takes 9 min. to heat up. But, ADJ’s Electronic Thermo Sensing (ETS) technology maintains optimum heat levels with short warm-up time between fog blasts.
Pros:
• Colored fog
• Vertical/horizontal volcano blasts
• Reliable
• Limited Warranty
Cons:
• The light and fog must run together
• Loud
• Quick-blast fog dissolves faster
5. Fansteck Professional Fog Machine w/Wireless Remote
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The Fansteck Professional Fog Machine w/wireless remote is a cost-effective, easy, compact, lightweight, non-toxic fog making system. It puts out 2000 cubic feet of fog per minute. It has a range of 7 ft. – 10 ft.
This large-capacity unit plugs into an AC 120v power outlet. It warms up in 2-3 minutes after the first use. The red light comes on when the unit is ready to produce fog. Press the button on the console or used the wireless remote to turn the fog machine “on” and “off.” The Fansteck Professional Fog Machine is constructed from durable, aluminum material for better durability, heat dissipation, and longevity. It is FCC, CE and RoHS certified for safe, non-toxic fog production.
Pros:
• Cost
• Lightweight; Portable
• Good output
• Non-toxic fog
• 1-Yr. Warranty
Cons:
• Not a low-fog machine
• Fog juice not included
Our Top Bubble Machine Recommendation
1byone Portable, Automatic Bubble Blower Bubble Machine
The 1byone Portable, Automatic Bubble Blower Bubble Machine is a top-selling, highly-rated, lightweight, cost-effective, safe and simple, portable bubble machine. It satisfies customers’ budget and high volume, white bubble output performance.
This unit has a 70-inch power cord to plug in the AC 110v. Alternatively, the 1byone Portable Bubble Machine may be unplugged and operated on six C batteries, making it a truly portable indoor/outdoor bubble making machine. It is a great addition to weddings and showers, birthday and holiday parties, picnics, campouts, and more.
The 1byone Portable Bubble Machine is a lightweight (2.3 lbs.), easy-carry design for kids. It is made from durable, high-quality ABS thermoplastic polymer material. It is lightweight, durable, sturdy, and rust-resistant. A two-speed, dual blower allows adjustment of the 18-22 bubbles per minute bubble volume output.
The 1byone Portable, Automatic Bubble Blower Bubble Machine’s drain design is improved to include a draining plate at the bottom of the unit. The drain plate is easy to fill and intended to protect the machine from pooling liquid. To avoid causing a short circuit, the manufacturer recommends that the unit NOT be exposed to water or operated in the rain. Additionally, the bubble machine pump can be damaged if the unit is operated without adequate liquid.
The 1byone Portable, Automatic Bubble Blower Bubble Machine is easy maintenance with regular cleaning.
Reviewers that purchased the 1byone Portable, Automatic Bubble Blower Bubble Machine commend its bubble volume output and dual blower setting and adjustable bubble output speeds. The unit’s price, quality, and performance are as advertised. Customers that purchased it also like the battery-operated, lightweight, portability.
Pros:
• Cost
• Easy set-up; easy on-off
• Lightweight; Portable
• Large volume output
• Indoor/Outdoor – Plug-in & Battery-powered
Cons:
• Bubble liquid not included
• Slightly noisy
• Fewer bubbles when the unit is battery-operated
Comparable Bubble Machines
1. American DJ Bubbletron Bubble Machine
The ADJ Bubbletron Bubble Machine is a portable, lightweight, cost-effective, safe and simple, portable bubble machine with a long 25-ft cord, wired on/off remote. It satisfies customers’ budget and demand for high volume bubble output. It is well-suited for small- to medium-sized stages and areas, DJ-ing, nightclubs, backyards, weddings, etc.
This unit plugs into an AC 110v. power outlet (Always plug into a grounded electrical outlet). The ADJ Bubbletron Bubble Machine is a lightweight (4 lbs.), easy-carry design with handle. It is made from durable ABS thermoplastic polymer material. It is lightweight, sturdy, and rust-resistant. The large high-velocity blower outputs a high volume of bubbles that rise quickly.
Pros:
• Cost
• Lightweight; Portable
• High bubble output
• Indoor/Outdoor
Cons:
• Bubble liquid not included
• Blower does not have variable speeds
2. Vivreal Automatic Bubble Machine – Upgraded Version
Vivreal’s Automatic Bubble Machine is a professional, lightweight, cost-effective, high-output portable bubble machine with a wireless (15-yd. range) on/off remote. It satisfies customers’ budget and high volume, white bubble output performance.
Vivreal’s Automatic Bubble Machine is a lightweight (4 lbs.), easy-carry design with detachable handle. This unit has a 3-ft power cord to plug in an AC 110v power outlet. It has a durable, metal housing suited to indoor and outdoor use for events, celebrations, and play. The rust-free, adjustable-speed, high-velocity blower propels low- or high-volumes of bubbles into the air in seconds.
Pros:
• Cost
• Lightweight; Portable
• High bubble output
• Fairly quiet
• 100% Satisfaction Guarantee; 1-Yr. Manufacturer ‘s Warranty
Cons:
• Bubble liquid not included
3. Theefun TBM01 Upgraded Professional Wireless Remote Control Automatic Bubble Machine
The Theefun TBM01 Upgraded Automatic Bubble Machine is a professional, lightweight, cost-effective, high-output portable bubble machine with a wireless (15-yd. range) on/off remote. This machine may be operated manually or by wireless remote.
The Theefun TBM01 Bubble Machine is a lightweight (4.45 lbs.), easy-carry design with detachable handle. This unit plugs into an AC 110v power outlet. It has a durable, metal housing suited to indoor and outdoor use for events, celebrations, and play. The rust-free, adjustable-speed, high-velocity blower propels low- or high-volumes of bubbles into the air at 18-22 rpm.
Pros:
• Cost
• Lightweight; Portable
• High bubble output
• Fairly quiet
• 100% Satisfaction Guarantee; 1-Yr. Manufacturer ‘s Warranty
Cons:
• Do not get wet
• Bubble liquid not included
4. Zerhunt Automatic Bubble Maker
The Zerhunt Automatic Bubble Maker is a lightweight, cost-effective, high-output, quiet, portable bubble machine. Easy to operate, just fill the bubble liquid reservoir, plug it in, and turn it on!
The Zerhunt Automatic Bubble Maker is a CPC-certified, lightweight (3 lbs.), easy-carry design with adjustable handle. This unit plugs into an AC 110v power outlet. It has a durable, metal housing suited to indoor and outdoor use for events, celebrations, and play. The rust-free, high-velocity blower propels high-volumes of mini-bubbles into the air at 18-22 rpm.
Pros:
• Cost
• Lightweight; Portable
• High bubble output
• Fairly quiet
• 90-Day Money-back Guarantee; 2-Yr. Warranty
Cons:
• Do not get wet
• Bubble liquid not included
5. CHAUVET DJ B-250 Bubble Machine
The CHAUVET DJ B-250 Bubble Machine is a mid-level lightweight, cost-effective, high-output portable bubble machine that is well-suited for larger areas, such as nightclubs, backyards, weddings, events, and celebrations. It is advertised as “the DJ’s workhorse.” Easy to operate, just fill the bubble liquid reservoir, plug it in, and turn it on!
This unit plugs into an AC 110v. power outlet. The CE-approved CHAUVET DJ B-250 Bubble Machine is an easy-carry design with handle and an easily-removable fluid tank. It is manufactured from durable ABS thermoplastic polymer material. It is reasonably lightweight (8 lbs.), sturdy, and rust-resistant. The sizeable high-velocity blower outputs a high volume of bubbles that rise quickly.
Pros:
• CE-approved
• Lightweight; Portable
• High bubble output
• Fairly quiet
Cons:
• Bubble liquid not included
Sources
1. American Physical Society (2016). Focus: Physics of Blowing Bubbles. Retrieved from https://physics.aps.org/articles/v9/21
2. Cummings, Bindy (2015). The Benefits of Bubbles. Retrieved from http://activebabiessmartkids.com.au/articles/benefits-bubbles/
3. Ezvid Inc. (2018). The 7 Best Fog Machines. Retrieved from https://wiki.ezvid.com/best-fog-machines?id=adw&gclid=EAIaIQobChMIxbXt6sKJ2gIVD3Z-Ch3UVgFDEAAYAyAAEgK44_D_BwE
4. Ezvid Inc. (2018). The 9 Best Bubble Machines. Retrieved from https://wiki.ezvid.com/best-bubble-machines?id=adw&gclid=EAIaIQobChMI38Wa3saJ2gIVlIh-Ch0oWgiLEAAYASAAEgLzm_D_BwE
5. Musician’s Friend (2018). Fog, Bubble, and Snow Effects. Retrieved from http://www.musiciansfriend.com/fog-bubble-snow-effects/
5. YouTube (2010). Bubble Fogger Machine. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tephl0dXunQ
6. Wikipedia (2018). Fog Machine. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fog_machine
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